The SEO glossary, in plain language.

Definitions, examples and the tool that helps you act on each term. Search to jump straight to what you need.

Canonical Tag

A link element that tells search engines which URL is the preferred version of duplicate or near-duplicate pages.

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301 Redirect

A permanent server redirect that passes users and ranking signals from an old URL to its replacement.

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404 Error

A response code returned when a requested URL does not exist on the server.

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Robots.txt

A root-level file that tells crawlers which paths they may or may not request from your site.

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Crawl Budget

The number of URLs a search engine is willing and able to crawl on your site in a given period.

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Indexability

Whether a crawled page is eligible to be stored and served in search results.

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Cumulative Layout Shift

A Core Web Vital measuring unexpected movement of page content during loading.

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Interaction to Next Paint

A Core Web Vital measuring how quickly a page visibly responds to user interactions.

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Largest Contentful Paint

A Core Web Vital measuring when the largest visible element finishes rendering.

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Schema Markup

Structured vocabulary that describes page content so search engines can understand and enrich it.

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JSON-LD

The script-based format Google recommends for adding structured data to a page.

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Meta Robots

A page-level directive controlling indexing and link following for that specific URL.

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Entity SEO

Optimising around things and their relationships rather than isolated keyword strings.

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Topical Authority

The depth and consistency of coverage that makes a site a credible source on a subject.

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Semantic SEO

Structuring content around meaning and intent so engines can match it to real questions.

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Hreflang

Annotations that tell search engines which language and regional version of a page to serve.

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